多囊卵巢病症

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，月经不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

幻灯片观感：盆腔超声和MRI T2WI显示腹腔增大，一处囊葫芦大于12亚厘米。一处腹腔基质在超声上过关斩将调谐，MRI上低频谱。未见优势**。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊断：多囊腹腔综合症

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多囊腹腔综合症也叫S-L综合症。是女适度不孕的最常见于原因。主要是由于内激素紊乱导致长年无排卵和睾酮激素过盛。PCOS十分相似三联征：肥胖、闭经和多毛病症。但有数至少患者观感为此三联病症。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需选用幻灯片检查进一步获取非常多讯息。十分相似的超声/MRI征象最主要：腹腔增大、变圆，锥体多发胸膜葫芦，腹腔基质US上过关斩将调谐，T2WI低频谱。PCOS患者建议长年随访，因长年雌二醇水平过高，可能会全身性乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上意念节选自颈部幻灯片病例汇）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊腹腔综合症

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 月经

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 锥体的

4. follicles n. 胸膜

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 过关斩将调谐的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 子代

7. endocrinologic 内激素的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停顿排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 睾酮过多病症

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 多毛病症

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 腹腔

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 基质

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 显现出调谐（适度）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 雌二醇

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊腹腔综合症